While it may have been used by ancient Egyptians for star maps in some holy books, the earliest text describing the azimuthal equidistant projection is an 11th-century work by al-Biruni. The flag of the United Nations contains an example of a polar azimuthal equidistant projection. A useful application for this type of projection is a polar projection which shows all meridians (lines of longitude) as straight, with distances from the pole represented correctly. It has the useful properties that all points on the map are at proportionally correct distances from the center point, and that all points on the map are at the correct azimuth (direction) from the center point. The azimuthal equidistant projection is an azimuthal map projection. Emblem of the United Nations containing a polar azimuthal equidistant projection. An azimuthal equidistant projection about the South Pole extending all the way to the North Pole. Azimuthal equidistant map projection An azimuthal equidistant projection about the North Pole extending all the way to the South Pole.
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